What is PostgreSQL? Feautures,Advantages and History

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PostgreSQL Definition:


PostgreSQL is a object-relational database Management system. PostgreSQL is free and open source software. Its source code is available under PostgreSQL license, a liberal open source license. You are free to use, modify and distribute PostgreSQL in any form.   
 PostgreSQL supports advanced data types and advance performance optimization, features only available in the expensive commercial database, like Oracle and SQL Server. It supports both SQL for relational and JSON for non-relational queries. 

PostgreSQL Features:

  1. User-defined types
  2. Table inheritance
  3. Locking mechanism
  4. Foreign key referential integrity
  5. Views, rules, sub query
  6. Auto Commit & Nested transactions (savepoints)
  7. Multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
  8. Asynchronous and Synchronous replication
  9. Tablespaces
  10. Point-in-time recovery

 

PostgreSQL Advantages:

 

1. Open Source DBMS

 

Only PostgreSQL provides enterprise-class performance and functions among current Open Source DBMS with no end of development possibilities. Also, PostgreSQL users can directly participate in the community and post and share inconveniences and bugs.

 2. Diverse Community

 

One of the characteristics of PostgreSQL is that there are a wide variety of communities. Regarding PostgreSQL as Open Source DBMS, users themselves can develop modules and propose the module to the community. The development possibility is superiorly high with collecting opinions from its own global community organized with all different kinds of people. Collective Intelligence, as some might call it, facilitates transmission of indigenous knowledge greatly within the communities.

 3. Function

 

SQL functions called ‘Store Procedure’ can be used for server environment. Also, we support languages similar to PL/SQL in Oralcle such as PL/pgSQL, PL/Python, PL/Perl, C/C++, and PL/R.

 4. ACID and Transaction

 

PostgreSQL support ACID(Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability).

 5. Diverse indexing techniques

 

PostgreSQL not only provides B+ tree index techniques, but various kinds of techniques such as GIN(Generalized Inverted Index), and GiST(Generalized Search Tree), etc as well.

 6. Flexible Full-text search

 

Full-text search is available when searching for strings with execution of vector operation and string search.

 7. Diverse kinds of replication

 

PostgreSQL supports a variety of replication methods such as Streaming Replication , Slony-I, and cascading.

 8. Diversified extension functions

 

PostgreSQL supports different kinds of techniques for geographic data storage such as PostGIS, Key-Value Store, and DBLink.

History of PostgreSQL:

PostgreSQL was created at UCB (University of California at Berkeley) by a computer science professor named Michael Stonebraker. It was originally called Postgres.
 It was started in 1986 by professor stonebreaker as a follow-up project and a post Ingres project to overcome with the problems of contemporary database system.

1977-1985: A project called INGRES was developed
1986-1994: POSTGRES
1994-1995: Postgres95
PostgreSQL 6.0 in 1996

Version
Current minor
Supported
First Release
Final Release
6.3
6.3.2
No
March 1, 1998
March 1, 2003
6.4
6.4.2
No
October 30, 1998
October 30, 2003
6.5
6.5.3
No
June 9, 1999
June 9, 2004
7.0
7.0.3
No
May 8, 2000
May 8, 2005
7.1
7.1.3
No
April 13, 2001
April 13, 2006
7.2
7.2.8
No
February 4, 2002
February 4, 2007
7.3
7.3.21
No
November 27, 2002
November 27, 2007
7.4
7.4.30
No
November 17, 2003
October 1, 2010
8.0
8.0.26
No
January 19, 2005
October 1, 2010
8.1
8.1.23
No
November 8, 2005
November 8, 2010
8.2
8.2.23
No
December 5, 2006
December 5, 2011
8.3
8.3.23
No
February 4, 2008
February 7, 2013
8.4
8.4.22
No
July 1, 2009
July 24, 2014
9.0
9.0.23
No
September 20, 2010
October 8, 2015
9.1
9.1.24
No
September 12, 2011
October 27, 2016
9.2
9.2.24
No
September 10, 2012
November 9, 2017
9.3
9.3.25
No
September 9, 2013
November 8, 2018
9.4
9.4.26
Yes
December 18, 2014
February 13, 2020
9.5
9.5.23
Yes
January 7, 2016
February 11, 2021
9.6
9.6.19
Yes
September 29, 2016
November 11, 2021
10
10.14
Yes
October 5, 2017
November 10, 2022
11
11.9
Yes
October 18, 2018
November 9, 2023
12
12.4
Yes
October 3, 2019
November 14, 2024
13        13.0                Yes          September 24,2020 November 13, 2025





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